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==Block II: Erzeugung von Röntgenstrahlung== Überblick: * Röntgenröhre * Synchrotron * FEL (langer Undulator) Soft X-Ray 500-5KeV Hard (bis 100KeV) ===VL1=== X-Ray durch Abbremsung + Absorption von <math>e^-</math> mit <math>E_k>10keV</math> Zahnmedizin 80keV 10 mA --> 800 W Knochen 170keV 50mA --> 8,5kW Bremsstrahlung: <math>\Delta E= h\nu = E_{Kin,1}-E_{Kin,2}</math> PC-Monitore Ionisation charakteristische Strahlug <math>E_{xy}=(x^{-2}-y^{-2})R_\infty(Z-X)^2</math> Bessy II <math>E_{Kin}=1,76GeV</math> <math> E_{kin,Sync}=500MeV</math>{{Quelle|PhIng}} [[Datei:Xrayrotate.svg|thumb| {| border="1" cellspacing="0" ! Symbol !! English !! Deutsch |- | A || Cathode || Kathode |- | B || Deflection coils || Ablenk-Spulen |- | C || Cooling-liquid || Kühlflüssigkeit |- | D || Motor for rotation || Motor für Rotation |- | E || Electron beam || Elektronenstrahl |- | F || X-ray windows || Austrittsfenster für Röntgenstrahlung |- | G || Anode || Anode |} ]] siehe auch [[Röntgenstrahlung]] [[Datei:Tube Cu LiF.PNG|thumb|Röntgenspektrum]] ===VLII=== <math>\rm Brillianz =\frac{\rm Photonenanzahl}{\rm s (mm)^2 (mrad)^2 0,1%BW}</math> Synchrotronquellen Anfangs Kreisrund mit Ablenkmagneten Heute z.B. 8-Eckig mit Wigglern und Undulatoren auf graden Strecken Ablenkmagnet <math>F_L=q(v\times B)=\dot p , \quad p=\gamma m_0 v</math> <math>\frac{d^2r}{dt^2}=-\frac{V^2}R\to R=\frac{\gamma m v}{eB}\approx\frac{\gamma m c}{e B}</math> [[File:Undulator-prinzip.svg|Undulator Prinzip|thumb]] [[File:Syncrotron radiation energy flux.png|Syncrotronstrahlung|thumb]] [[File:Undulator wih axis.png|thumb|Undulator II]]
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